Monday, 6 December 2010

Cumbric Language

Druidry is obviously Celtic-based, the tradition exists within the Celtic cultures of Gaul and Britain. Previously to the arrival of the Celts and their languages existed another, or many other ethnic communities who built sites such as Skara Brae, Stonehenge, Callanis stone circle, and the Ring of Brodgar. Druidism was known to re-use the ancient sites of this Pre-Celtic or North-Atlantic culture.

The Cumbric language, or Cwmbraíc, as I have rendered it, is an attempt by sereval enthusiasts to recreate the Celtic Brythonic language once spoken in Cumbria and Strathclyde. It comes from a Proto-Brythonic language, which evolved into the language spoken in Arthrian times. After the North-Brythonic - South Brythonic split, it is likely that the language in Cumbria and Strathclyde developed on its own for a time before its demise, most put this date to around 1100 AD whilst many speculate it to be much later.
Evidence comes from sources of Early Welsh and British, and Gaulish, which can be used to recreate the mother language of Welsh, and then Old Welsh. Taliesin's and Aneurin's ancient Welsh texts are the bases for the grammar. One can come to the conclusion that Cumbric was more similar to Welsh than it was to the fully inflicted Proto-Brythonic language which came to be spoken in Britain; we have this evidence from place-names. Some place-names suggest a genitive case may have survived.

The Cumbric revival idea has many purposes. To me, the purpose is to create a vehicle, something that can enable us to get a feel of a past druidic culture through language. The language might be used be pagans, christians, reenactors or archaeologists, although I am against this idea of everyone learning the language because I see no point in peeling back 1,000 years of history. Cumbric is therefore, more of a available source for Cumbrians and Scots interested in Britain's celtic history.

Here i the Cumbric alphabet, pronunciation is largely based on Welsh, the differences are that:

aw - is like English 'aw in 'paw' not like Welsh 'aw
y - in words like 'cyntaf' is pronounced as a short 'o' or like the 'u' as a Cumbrian would pronounce 'under'
f - this may be pronounced v or w, you choice
final th and dd - some may prefer to pronounce then as an aspirated 't' and 'd'
ff is pronounced 'p' before 'r'

Basic phrases:

Dith da - good day
nos dda - good night
Peth yw ty(n) eno? - what is your name? (pith eeoo tuh enoh)
Pwi wyt/och? - who are you (pwi ooit/oc)?
Linden yw my eno - my name is Linden
pascaddar wym - I am a fisherman
darwith yw e - he is a druid
main yw - it's a rock
is lawar dithaw a canaf/canam yng Gwmbraíc - it's many days that I sing in Cumbric

Pronouns:
mi -I
ti - you
e - he
i - she
ni - we
chwi - you
int -they

Mi yn fynth - I'm going
Mi yn fynth din traith - I'm going to the beach
Ymain den yn fynth d'Alba - the man is going to Scotland
Is e coraw - he wants beer

Thanks to Fróðurúlfur Þórsson for this information (originally posted on the discussion pages of the cumbrian druid order facebook group)

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